Review+Concepts

1. Commercial Revolution & The Medicis 2. Causes of European Exploration 3. Christopher Columbus: The Controversy 4. New World Conquest 5. New Monarchs 6. Italian Renaissance vs. Northern Renaissance 7. Renaissance Literature: Petrarch, Castiglione, Pizan, & Machiavelli 8. The Renaissance Zeitgeist: Humanism, Classicism, Individualism, Secularism 9. Christian Humanism: Erasmus & Thomas More 10. Martin Luther: 95 Thesis & Lutheranism 11. The Reformation in Germany: The Peasants Revolt, Charles V, the Diet of Worms, & Peace of Augsburg 12. John Calvin: Predestination 13. The Anabaptists 14. The Catholic Reformation: The Council of Trent, The Jesuits, Baroque 15. The English Reformation: Henry VIII 16. The Reformation's Impact on Women 17. The Rise and Fall of Spain: Philip II, the Spanish Inquisition, & The Spanish Armada 18. Politiques: Elizabeth I and Henry IV 19: 30 Years' War & Peace of Westphalia 20. Hobbes vs. Locke 21. The English Revolution: The Stuarts, Civil War, Cromwell, & Restoration 22. The Glorious Revolution of 1689: Constitutional Monarchy & Bill of Rights 23. The Golden Age of the Netherlands 24. Absolutism: Sovereignty, Divine Right, Mercantilism 25. Louis XIV France: Culture of Absolutism, French Classicism, and Versailles 26. Louis XIV France: State-building, Richelieu, Nobles of the Robe 27. Louis XIV France: Wars of Louis XIV, War of Spanish Succession, Peace of Utrecht 28. Eastern Absolutism vs. Western Absolutism 29. Peter the Great of Russia: Serfdom and State-building 30. Austrian Habsburgs (Eastern Absolutism) 31. Prussian Hohenzollerns (Eastern Absolutism) 32. The Scientific Revolution: the Paradigm Shift 33. Scientific Thinkers: Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Descartes & Bacon 34. The Enlightenment: Mopping up! 35. The Philosophes: Voltaire, Rousseau, Wollstonecraft, Montesquieu. Adam Smith 36. Enlightened Despots: Catherine the Great, Joseph II, Frederick the Great 37. The Rise of the East: The Partitions of Poland, War of Austrian Succession, and Seven Years' War 38. Agricultural Revolution: The Enclosure Movement and Cottage Industry 39. 18th Century Demographics: The Illegitimacy Explosion, etc. 40. The Columbian Exchange/Mercantilist System: Atlantic Slave Trade, Diet 41. Causes of the French Revolution: Louis XVI, Three Estates, Famine 42. The Liberal Phase: The National Assembly, Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen, Classical Liberalism 43. The Radical Phase: Robespierre, Committee of Public Safety, Jacobins, and the Reign of Terror 44. The Conservative Phase: The Thermodorian Reaction & Directory 45. Napoleonic Europe: Napoleonic Wars, Napoleonic Code 46. The Congress of Vienna: "The Concert of Europe," Balance of Power, and Metternich 47. Dual Revolutions: Liberty and Equality 48. 19th Century Isms: Conservatism, Liberalism, Utilitarianism, Socialism (Marxist and French Utopian) 49. Early 19th Century Culture: Romanticism and Nationalism (and Romantic Nationalism) 50. Greek Independence, Louis Phillipe, and the Revolutions of 1848 51. British Industrial Revolution: Why Britain? Corn Laws, and English Reforms 52. Technologies of the Industrial Revolution: Watt's Steam Engine, the Spinning Jenny, Coal, Railroads 53. Continental Industrialism: Economic Nationalism 54. 19th Century Demographics: Health, Sanitation, Malthus & Ricardo 55. 19th Century Society: Working Class Culture and the Golden Age of the Middle Class 56. 19th Century Urbanization: Issues and Responses 57. 19th Century Thinkers: Darwin, Spencer, Freud, Germ Theory & Science 58. Late 19th Century Intellectualism: Realism in Art and Literature 59. Unifications of Italy and Germany 60. Conservative Nationalism: Social Welfare Reforms 61. New Imperialism in Asia and Africa: The White Man's Burden and Its Effects 62. Causes of WWI: The Balkan Crisis, Militarism, Alliances 63. WWI: Trench Warfare, Gas, The Home Front 64. The Treaty of Versailles: Intentions, Issues, Outcomes 65. The Russian Revolution: Leninism and the Soviet State 66: Postmodernism: Art and Culture in the Age of Anxiety 67. The Global Depression: Issues and Solutions 68. The 20th Century Political Spectrum: The Rise of Totalitarian and Fascist States 69. Modern Anti-Semitism in Europe: 19th and 20th Century Comparisons 70. Nazi Germany: The Rise of Hitler, Nazi Aggression, Appeasement 71. 20th Century War and Technology: WWII Tactics and Key Turning Points 72. The Peace Process: Potsdam and Yalta 73. Stalinist Russia: 5 Year Plans and Soviet Rule 74. Cold War Divisions: NATO, GDR, The Space Race 75. The Decline of the Soviet Union: Brezhnev, Gorbachev, Glasnost, Perestroika 76. The Revolutions of 1989: Prague Spring, The Velvet Revolution, Solidarity 77. The European Union: Globalization, the Maastricht Treaty 78. Challenges Facing Contemporary Europe: Population Decline, Immigration, Problems in E. Europe